As long as the power strip is electrically insulated, it’s no problem. Make sure your power strip is a high-quality, UL-listed unit and that there aren’t any exposed wires or anything.
If you want to be extra careful, you can attach a piece of non-conducting material like wood or HDPE to a spot where there will not be any heat, and then screw the power strip onto it. You must make sure that you are using two sets of connectors – screws or bolts from the HDPE to the table, and different ones to the power strip so there is no continuous connection.
A bigger concern is probably that welders are often using grinders near their tables, and spewing metal dust directly into electrical outlets is a very, very bad idea. So keep those things far apart.